What Are the Health Risks Associated with Air Pollution?

Air pollution is one of the most significant environmental health risks. It includes contaminants like particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Health effects range from short-term issues like eye, nose, and throat irritation to chronic conditions such as asthma, lung cancer, and heart disease. Vulnerable groups, such as children, the elderly, and those with preexisting conditions, are at higher risk.